What effect does sinuosity or zigzagging have on a hose?

Sinuosity or zigzagging of a hose refers to the additional bends and turns that the hose experiences as it is deployed. This configuration contributes to friction loss, which is a critical concept in firefighting and water flow operations.

When a hose is straightened out, water can flow more efficiently through it because the path is unobstructed. However, when it zigzags or has curves, each bend increases the surface area of the hose that comes into contact with the flowing water, creating turbulence and expanding the resisting forces against the flow. Specifically, the increase in friction loss due to bends can amount to approximately 6% or more, which directly impacts water pressure and flow availability at the nozzle.

Understanding this concept helps pump operators gauge the efficiency of their water delivery systems and make informed decisions about hose placement and firefighting strategies. Reducing unnecessary bends in the hose can minimize friction loss, leading to better flow and pressure at the nozzle, which is crucial for effective firefighting operations.